Education is one of the most important pillars of future planning Education plays a vital role in the production of knowledge and its distribution. Learning based on the online is accepted and adopted by many educational firms throughout the world during this COVID-19 pandemic to deliver a quality of education, training, certification, and even awarding higher degrees. The term quality education involves learners, environments for learning, content, process, and outcomes. To increase the quality of education, teachers need to apply different instructional methods such as online-based learning, e-learning, etc. and should carry out proper student evaluation and assessment processes. It is also important that traditional lesson styles should be reformed to safe and online-based especially during this COVID-19 pandemic. Currently educational institutions are awarding academic certificates that the students have obtained However, its student’s responsibility to prove its authenticity. Most of the students’ needs to depend on awarding educational institutes are third party verification companies to prove their certification is authentic.

To address the current challenges faced with misuse of issuing educational credentials by many parties involved in the educational sector. EDUCHAIN is a reliable, trusted, and verifiable blockchain-backed repository for academic course work and student/faculty certification. EDUCHAIN allows auditors, cultural bureaus, educational authorities, accreditors, and validators to participate and a trustless fashion. The model utilizes the structure of DLT and smart contracts in ELC architecture to allow secure delivery and storage of any educational program/curricular and enables efficient and trusted verification and authorization process.

A blockchain is a distributed digital record of transactions. The terminology comes from its setup structure where blocks are connected to each other chronologically. These blocks are linked together with each other, and in accordance with the implemented consensus protocol, in a single list which is called a chain. The current implementation of blockchains is now seeing in recording cryptocurrencies transactions. The notion of decentralization is a core component; hence, any involved transactions cannot be altered without the alteration of all concurrent blocks. The key characteristics of the blockchain include decentralization, persistence, anonymity, and audibility.

The idea of the blockchain was initially introduced by Satoshi Nakamoto and later in 2009 implemented the 1st digital cryptocurrency known as Bitcoin. The structure of the Blockchain is shown in Figure 1. Blockchain then has become a core component of bitcoin’s operation and the de facto inspirational to other projects. It provides a secure exchange and traceability in the event of any failures in case of a security breach. In a shift of paradigm, the blockchain removes centralized authority which is present in- between multiple entities that are processing the financial and other transactions on data using a public ledger which is incorruptible, immutable, and decentralized in nature.

This application should be able to connect to a series of peer-topeer networks such as Ethereum, IPFS and other systems depending on future technology adoption; It should be user friendly and should be supported by a wide range of devices as they will be used by users to easily access the data; On the other hand this application will be used by institutions to assist in the development of the project and in the deployment of certificates; Gather informative and usage data. We have chosen Ethereum Blockchain to implement our solution, because this technology offers automation, ease of access and flexibility and deploying Smart Contracts will offer transparency, immutability, and security. The Smart contacts will be deployed in Remix Solidity Word processor/Ide

Issuing Certificates Interface. Once a student graduates or a certificate needs to be deployed, certain personnel is appointed to fill the needed forms and information. Once verified and approved, this information is signed by appropriate authorities, and if this university is accredited, the certificate is immediately added as APPROVED into the system, otherwise it is marked as PENDING. The encryption key is communicated to the student. This interface will be a typical web interface on a local network within the university.

Accrediting University Interface. An accreditation body takes care of adding universities into the approved list. The common attribute all universities have is a name or unique identifier. The accreditor can verify a university by specifying its public address and additional information such as name. The university is marked as VALID and it can issue valid certificates. In case this university is found to be fraudulent, it can be marked as Invalid and it can no longer issue certificates. The verification process is easy. User needs to put the certificate ID into the appropriate field, and the requested information will be shown. In upcoming work, other fields specific to the university can be implemented, but these will depend on further decisions of system implementation.

To verify the entered ID, in the client side can be used validator fields in front-end and backend. Furthermore, rate limiters, multiple layer protections and other techniques can be implemented to protect the system from DDoS attack.

On the other hand, the service rates are balanced between two main stakeholders of that service, graduated students, and employers. For students, the validity check of certificates is done at low cost and for employers, the system offers an easy authenticity and validity check of the certificate from trustable sources